Air-brake apparatus



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, M50/WWU?? Patented Sept. 1'8, 1928.

DANIEL HEEEEET scEwEYEE, or EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

AIE-EEAKE `maintenus.

Application mea 'apra a, 1925. serial No. 20,103.

The present invention relates to automatic train control, and more part-icularly the air brake system of a train, especially that of a freight train, it being the primary object of 5 the invention to automatically control the brakes of the locomotive and cars, under cautionv or service brake application conditions, in' a way to simulate the control of the locomotive and car brakes as obtained by the engineer under manual control for service conditions.

In other words, the present apparatus is intended to function automatically, under caution or service brake application conditions,'to control the brakes of the locomotive and cars as nearly as possible to the manner in which the brakes are controlled by the engineer, in order that the movement of the train may be retarded without the liability of the train buckling or breaking apart. It is well known in the art that when the brake pipe or train line is opened to the atmosphere by opening the engineers brake valve 1n the engine or locomotive, the reduction in pressure in the brake pipe starts first at'the forward end of the train land works rearwardly, so that the brakes of the locomotive. and irst cars are applied first, and the brakes of the other cars are applied in succession rearwardly. This results in the locomotive and front cars have their brakes released, and the momentum of the rear cars, especially with a long or heavy fast train, is frequently suflicient to buckle the train between its ends. Tn order to overcome such buckling of a long or heavy train, the engineer will control the brakes of the'locomotive and cars separately, whereby a partial reduction in the brake pipe 0 of the cars is made to partially apply the car brakes, whilethe brakes of the locomotive, or engine and tender, are released. In this way, the locomotive continuing its momentum has a tendency-to pull the front cars and thereby take the slack out of the train, while the brakes of the cars' in rear are being ap.- plied gradually. The brakes of the locomotive are then applied partially to retard the locomotive as the brakes of the rear cars are 5o applied. Such control of thc'locomotive and car brakes is obtained by the engineer by the control of the main brake valve and an auxiliary bra-kc valve controlling the brakes of the locomotive, and such control of the locomotive and car brakes is highly desirable in an automatic train control apparatus in being retarded while the rear cars order that long or heavy freight trains can be retarded without the liability of the trains being buckled or broken. u

The present apparat-us, which is connected to the air brake equip-ment of the train, performs av number of functions, as' follows: When travelling above a predetermined (maximum caution or service) speed, and a control valve or member is moved to caution or service brake application position, the

brakes-of the cars are applied by bleeding the i air from the brake pipe to the atmosphere,

while the brakes of the locomotive (engine and tender) are released, so that the momentum of thel locomotive has a .tendency to keep the front cars moving, or to keep the slack,

lpartially at least, out of the train, thuspreventing the cars from bunching too quickly. Whlle the air is discharging from the brake pipe of the cars, air is supplied from the -rnainy reservoir to the locomotive brake pipe lso as to release the locomotive brakes. Also, at the same time, the steam or'other power of the locomotive is shut o'lz', in order toprevent too great a strain on the couplerbetwecn the locomotive and first car should the power remain applied when the brakesof the first cars are applied. When the speed of the train has been reduced below the'aforesaid predetermined amount the reduction in pressure in the brake pipe of the cars stops and, when such speed reduction has been made then air from the main reservoir is cut off from the locomo tive brake pipe, and the locomotive brake pipe is opened to the atmosphere to `then apply the locomotive brakes until a given reduction in pressure has been made. This will now retard the locomotive so as to bunch the cars together. After a short interval of time following the application of the locomotive brakes, air is then supplied from the main reservoir into the brake pipe ofthe cars so as to release the car brakes, andv when a predetermined reduction in pressure in the locomotive brake pipe has been made then the discharge of air from the locomotive brake pipe is stopped. Then, when the brake pipe of the cars is charged up to or-near normal pressure, so as to release the car brakes, the locomotive. brake pipe is then charged so as to release the locomotive brakes following the release of the car brakes; The train can then proceed underthe maximum caution orservice speed, the discharge of air from the brake pipe being shut oit-by a speed controlled or governor valve.

The arrangement is such that when a caution or service brake application is established, with the train already travelling below the maximum caution speed, then no application of the brakes of either the locomotive or vcars is made, but will be made if such speed is exceeded. Also, the apparatus does not in any way interfere with the full application of the locomotive and ear brakes when an emergency brake application is made,

either manually by the engineers brake valve,

or automatically by the control valve of the apparatus.

Y With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be apparentas the description proceeds, the invention resides in the construction and arrangement of. parts as hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed, Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein the figure is a i diagrammatical view of the apparatus, portions beingr shown in section and portions in elevation.

.The several parts and devices are illustrated in normal clear or running position, and the vpipes indicated by heavy lines are normally underbrake pipe ressure, wherel the brake pipe 3 on the engine and' tender, to

the triple'valves 5 of the engine and tender, said branch pipes 4 having the manual cut out valves 6*. yThe triple valves 5, like the triple valves of the cars, as well known, op-

crate automatically to normally supply the air from the brake pi e into the auxiliary reservoirs 7, with the 1brakes released, and to open the brake cylinders 8 to the atmosphere to release the brakes, whereas when the pressure in the brake pipe is reduced the triple valves shut off communication between the brake cylinders 8 and the atmosphere and connect said brake cylinders and reservoirs 7 so that air flows from the reservoirs into the cylinders to apply lthe brakes. As shown, discharge pipes 9 lead from the triple valves 5 of the locomotive for the discharge of air` from the cylinders 8, to release .the brakes,

when the pressure in the brake pipe is in-4 creased. l

The parts 1 to 9, inclusive, belong yto the ordinary air brake system, the construction and operation of which are well known in the art. The present apparatus has ashut-oif valve 10 between the main reservoir and engineers brake valve 2, for shutting 01T the ai'r from the main reservoir to the brake valve, under caution conditions, whlle the train exceeds a vair pressure from reservoir into the cylinder13 against the piston 12 to close the valve 10 when air is free to follow from said pipe into said cylinder, the the pipe 15 overcoming the spring .14. A valve 150`controls the flowr of a1r from the pipe 15 into the cylinder 13 and turns in a valve casing 151 disposed in said ipe, said valve having apassage 152 normaly connecting the cylinder 13 and the dis-` A charge port 153 of said casing which opens the cylinder to the atmosphereso that the air escapes and the spring 14 moves the valve 10 to open position. lVhen the valve 150 is turned, byspeed control means as hereinafter described, the passage 152 establishes communication throufrh the pipe 15 with the cylinder 13 and air dowing from said pipe into the cylinder will raise the piston 12 and close the valve 10.v

-Valve devices are provided for shutting olf or closing communication between the brake pipe 3 andthe triple valves 5 under caution conditions, including' the valves 16 and 17' slidable in the valve casings 18 and 19, respectively, and connected to pistons 20 work- `mg in cylinders 21 connected tojsaid valve f casings. Springs 22 normally move the pistons 20 and valves so that communication' is had through saidl valves between the brake pipe 3 and tri le valves through the branch pipes 4 in whic thecasings 18 and 19 are disposed. The'valve 17 has a registering with the corresponding pipe 4, and which registers with pipes24 and 25 connected to the casing 19 when the valve 17 is moved against the pressure of the ,corresponding spring 22.

A valve device 26 controlled by brake pipe pressure is provided to control the flow of air into and out of the cylinders 21, andv includes a. casing 27 connected by pipes 28 with the cylinders 21, and a branch of the pipe 15 is connected to the casing 27. Alternatel seating valves 29 and 30 are movable in t e casing 27 with a piston 32, and the casing 27 has discharge'ports 31 opening into the atpiston 32 to close the valve 29 against theinfluence of a spring 33 which bears against the piston 32 in an eiort to open the valve 29 port 23 normallyy lll .mosphere The ports 31 are located between i 'have the discharge ports35 to be the valvesl 36 movable With pistons 37 that and close the valve 30. lVhen an emergency application o't the brakes is made so asto greatly reduce the pressure in the brake pipe 3, the piston 32 is raised by the spring 33 thereby opening the valve 29 and closing the valve ,30, for purposes which will hereinafter more fully appear. lVith the valve 29 normally seated and the valve 30 normally unseated, when air under pressure is supplied into the pipe andthe air is free to flow into the casing 27 it flows past thevalve through the pipes 28 into the cylinders 21 to move the pistons 20- agaiiist the springs 22, thereby movingthe valves 16 andv 17 to close the pipes 4. and the port 23 will novi7 es tabli-sh communication between the pipes 24 and 25. A valve 154 controls the flow of air from tlic pipe 15 into the casing 27, and turns in a valve casing 155 disposed in the corresponding branch of said pipe, said valve havf ing a passage 156norin'ally connecting the casing 27Vand the discharge port 157 of said casing which opens the casing to the atmosphere, so that the air escapes and the springs 22 move the valves 16 and 17 to normal posi-4 tion. .When the Valve 154 is turned, by speed control means as hereinafter described, the passage 156 establishes communication lthrough the pipe 15 with the casing 27 and air oiving from said pipe into the cylinders 21 will slide the valves 16 and 17 to 'close the pipes 4.

The discharge of air from the triple valves 5 through the pipes 9 is prevented, when a limited reduction in locomotive brake pipe pressure-is made. and." for this purpose, valve devices are provided including the casings 34 to which the pipes 9.are connected and which closed by move in the casings.'y Springs 38 normally raise the pistons 37 to open the valves 36 whereby the pipes 9 communicate lthrough the ports with the atmosphere. A pipe 39 connects the Casin-gs 34 at that side "of the pistons 37 opposite to the ports 3 5, and a reservoir 40 is connected to the pipe 39. A pipe 41 is similarly connected to the casiiigs 34 for the flow of air into and out of the casings 34 to close and open the valves 36.

4A valve device is provided. controlled, un-

der caution conditions, by the speed ot' the train and the air pressure in the locomotive brake pipe. for controlling the flow of air into and out ofthe casings 34 through the pipe 41, and for also simultaneously controlling the charging of the locomotive brake pipe 44 which connects and bridges the pipes 4 between the triple valves andthe shut oit valves 16 and 17. Such valve device includes 'a slide valve 42 movable in the valve casing 43 to which the pipes 15, 24, 41 and 44 are secured. The valve 42 has a port 45 normally establishiiig communication between the' pipes 24 and 44, and has a port 46 normally establishing communication -between the'pipe 41 and a port 47 opening into the atmosphere so that air is normally discharged from the casiiigs l 34 through the pipe 41 and ports 46 and 47, whereby the springs 38 raise the pistons 37 and open the valves 36. The valve 42 has a port 48 whichl establishes communication between the pipes 15 and 41 when the valve is moved to itsv other position, in which event the port 47 and pipes 24 and 44 are closed. The valve 42 has a stein 49, and a spring 50 normally moves the valve 42 to the position as shown. A core 51' is carried by the stein 49 to be attracted into a. solenoid 52, when said solenoid is energized, to move the valve 42 to its other position against the torce of the spring 50.v

A differential or equalizing valve deviceis provided to provide for'a predetern'iined reduction in pressure in the locomotive brake pipe 44, and includes a casing- 54towhicli vte is connected a. bianch'53 of the locomotive brake pipe 44. VThe casing 54 has a discharge port 55 opening into the atmosphere and' norinally closed. by a valve 56 movable with a piston 57 slidable iii the casing. said piston being an equaliaing or differential pst-on sillijected to air presiture on opposite sides. A

sprinfi' 58 bears on the piston 57 to move the piston in a direction to close the valve 56,

and the pipe 53 opens into the chamber between tli'e piston57 and the valve 56. A-valve 59 is slidable in the easing 54 and has a port 60 normally establishing con'imunication between the pipe 53 and a port 61 opeiiing'intolll() the chamber of the casing 54 at that side ot y the piston 57 opposite tothe port 55. so that the piston 57 is normally'subjected to brake `pipe pressure from above and below, so that the springf 58 closes the' valve 56. A pipe 62 r is connected with the casing 54 in communi-y cation with said chamber above the piston 57 and has a reservoir 63 connected thereto, so that said reservoir receives air from thebrake pipe. 'The valve59 has a -second port 64 to connect the port 61 with a pipe 65 when the valve is slid to its other position, with coinlll) inuiiication between the port 61 andthe pipe` 53 closed. The pipe 65 has areservoir 66 therein to receive air from the reservoir 63 when the port 64 connects the pipe 65 with the port 6l and pipe 62. The valve 59 has` a stein 67 on Which a core 68 isinounted to be d awn orattracted into a solenoid 69 When-said solenoid is energized, to slide the valve 59 from. its normal position, and a spring 70 moves the valve 59 to its normal position when the solenoid is deenergized.

The circuit of-the. solenoids 52 land 69 is controlled by locomotive brake pipe pressure. Thus, a piston '71' is s lidable in the casing 54 and is subject to pressure ot air from between the piston 57 and valve 56. a .coiled spring I72 being confined between, the piston 71 and an adjusting screw 73 by means ot.

ien

which the pressure of the spring is regulated. The screw 73 is tubular and the stem 74 of the piston 71 extends through said-tube and carries an insulated switch 7 5 to bridge the contacts 76 of the circuit. The screw 7 3, for the purposes of the present'invention, is adjusted so that when there is a lreduction of iifteen pounds in the pressure of air in the locomotive brake pipe, ythe spring 72. moves the piston 71 to o en the switch 75, although the screw 73 can e adjusted to open said switch under different pressures.

. A retarded valve device is provided for the ilow of air from the main reservoir into the locomotive brake pipe or into the main brake pipe or train line, alternately. This valve device includes a valve 77 slidable in a valve i casing 78, and liaving'a port 79 normally establishing communication between the pipe 15 and the pipe 25. The pipe 15 is connected to one end of the casing 78 and the valve 77 provides a piston to be moved by air entermg the casinoP or cylinder 7 8- through the pipe 65. When tie valve is slid b air -ilowing through the pipe 65, said va ve closes the pipe 25, and 'a port 81 in the valve 77 will then establish communication between the pipes 3. and 15 which have branches connected 'to said casing 78. Also, when the valveis slid by air fiowing through the pipe 65, thel port 80 is uncovered to enable air from the pi e tov flow into the atmosphere. The valjve 77 is moved to normal position by a spring 82, and a dash pot 84 or other ret-arding means is provided to retard or slow down the'movement of the valve 77 so that it will require approximately thirty seconds, or thereabout, for the valve 77 to. move from its normal position` to a position to uncover the port and bring the port 81 into communication with the pipes 3 and 15. The valve 77 has a stem 83 connectedto the dash pot` 84' and carrying a core 85 to be moved into attractive relation with a solenoid 86 when the valve 77 is moved by air pressure, saidcore 85 being normally 'suilciently removed from the solenoid 86 so asnot to be attracted into said solenoideven though the solenoid 'is energized, unless the valve is moved by air pressure to bring the core into theeii'ective field of the solenoid. The solenoid .86. and f core 85 therefore provide a holding means to' retain the valve 7 7 'in'abnormal posltion, after beinr'moved to such position bv air pressure, untilthe circuit of the solenoid 86 is broken, in which event thespring 82 will return the 'valve 77 to normal position.

The apparatus is controlled for clear or running, caution or service and danger or emergency conditions b means of a control valve 87, which is a dup ex valve, including a valve member'89 rotatable A branch pipe 90 of the brake pipe 3 is connected to the casing 88, and the main reservoir pipe 1 and pipe 15 are also connected to said within a easing 88.

matically in any suitable manner, by control `1 l 5 from the track or otherwise, the particular control mechanism forming no part of the present invention andn'ot being shown or described. So far as` the present apparatus is concerned the lever 98 and valve97 may be operated manuall as well as automatically. In the normal or cliear position of the valve 87 the passage 92 registers with the port `91 and the passage 93 registers with the pipe 15, so that `air flows from the pipe 15 to the atmosphere, with the pipes 1 and 90 closed. 'l In the second or caution position of the valve 87 the passage 92 registers with the pipes 1 and 15, so that air llows from the main reservoir into the pipe 15. In the third or danger/'position of the valve 87, the pipe 15 is' closed and the passage 94 registers with the pipe 90 and port 95 so that the air can bleed through the atmosphere from the brake pipe 3 thereby pro- I viding an emergency or danger application of provided which, as shown, is al balanced valve controlling the flow of steam through the pipe 100, although an electric switch can be provided for use with electric power, The device 99 has a stem 101 connected to a lever 102, and` has a collar. 103 moving "within a yoke 104 of a rod 105 connected tothe control lever 98, thus providing for-lost motion or loose play between the'stem 101 and rod'105.f Thus, when the lever 102 is swung the device 99 can be operated to shut oil' the ower,`and when the lever 98 is moved from c ear to caution position, suiiicient play is then provided to permit the stem 101 to be subsequently moved .to shut oli the the rod 105 further,`which, if it occurs, would move the lever 98 to danger or emergency position. Furthermore, the lever 98 can move rom clear to caution Aposition without moving the stem 101 to cut off the power, but when the lever 98 is moved to danger position then -the'yoke-104 moves the collar 103 and stem 101to'shut off the power.l

The Ylever 102 is operated .by a rod 106 carrying a core 107 to be attracted into a theV speedof the train, through suitable gearing 110 connected to an axle or other movablev part that rotates inaccordance with the motion of the train.v Theelectro-magnetie device 107108icontrolling the power cut off device 99 is therefore speed controlled, andthe adpower without moving l solenoid 108 connected in circuit with an elecjustment is lsuch that the solenoid 108 is onlyl energized suiliciently to attract the core 107 when the speed of the train is above a. predetermined maximum caution limit, ol. say twenty or thirty miles perliour. Below such speed the current generated by the generator 109 is not suflicientto energize the .solenoid 108 suliiciently to attract or hold the core 107. The rod 106'is returned by a spring 111 con- 'fined between, a frame member 112 and a nut or collar 113 adjustably screw-threaded on the rod, said nut or collar 113 being adjustable in order to regulate the pressure ot' the springlll and thereby control the release of the core 107 train speeds. The rod 106 has a piston 114 movable in .a cylinder 115 and a spring 116 bearing againstv the piston 114 assists the spring 111 in moving theV rod 106 to normal position as shown. A whistle or other audible signal 117- isv connected to the cylinder 115 for the discharge of air through the whistle to give an audible alarm, under caution condi'- -tons, whenthe brakes are being applied. Pipes 118 and119 are disposed between the cylinder 115 and the pipe 90, the pipe 119 be' ing connected to the cylinder 115, and a valve' 120 is disposed between the pipes 90`and 119,

being rotatable ;with in the casing 121 to which said pipes are connected. The valve 120 has an arm 122 connected to the stem 123 ofa piston 124 that., moves in a cylinder 125 to which a branch of the pipe is connected,

so that whenair is delivered. into they pipe 15 the piston 124is moved against the pressure ofthe spring-'126 'to .open the valveT 120 and connect the pipes 90 and 119. The valve 120 is normally closed by' the movement of the piston 124 under the pressure of the sprlng y126. The valve 120 opens the brake pipe 3,

' by way `of the' branch pipe 90, for the distrifu gal governor charge of air from the vbrake pipe to reduce the pressure in said' brake pipe,"and beyond the valve 120 there is a speed controlled or governor valve-128 that also controls the flow of air from the brake pipe, saidvalve 128` being disposed ini a casing 127 to .which the pipes 118 and 119 tare connected, and said valve 128' is operably connected with a cen- 129 operated by the gearing 110 so as to be rotated in accordance with the speed of the train. The valve 128 is closed below a. predetermined speed ot' say twenty or thirty miles per hour, and is opened above such speed.

A brake pipe pressure deviceis provided for controlling the .circuits of the solenoids 52, 69 and 86, and includes a cylinder 130 connected to the brake pipe 3 having a piston 131 movable therein, the. brake 'pipo pressure i normally ino Ying said piston against the pressure olE a spring 132 which is con lined between said piston and an adjustingscrew 133 screwthrcadcd in the cylinder. The screw 133'is tubular' and the stem 13-1 of the piston prorom the solenoid 108 at different' jects through said screw and carries an insulated switch 135 that is normally removed from a contact 136. Thescrew 133. is ad-` ljustcd so that a predetermined reduction in brake pipe pressure will close the switch 135 against the contact 136. For example, as hereinafter described,` a reduction of three pounds in the pressure of air in the brake pipe 3 will enable the spring 132 to move the piston 131 against brake pipe pressureto 'close the Iswitch 135, thereby'closing two electrical circuits.

When the switch 135 is closed, this closes the circuit of the solenoid 8 6, such circuit including the battery 137 or other source of electrical energy, conductor 138, contact 136, switch 135, conductor 140, solenoid 86 and conductor 139. The solenoid 86 is therefore energized whenever the reduction in pressure in the brake pipe 33is three'pounds or more. Under caution conditions, with the arm 122 moved to open thevalve 120the circuit of the solenoids 52 and 69 is also completed, and said circuit includes the battery 137, conductor 138, contact 136, switch 135, conductor 140, contact V145, arm 122 in raised position, round connection through the metal parts of t e casing 121, pipe 119 and governor 129, contacts 143 and 144, conductor 142, 'solenoid 52, con'- ductor 141, switch 75 and contacts 76, solenoid 69an`d conductor 139. The contacts 143 and 144 are separated when thetrain is travelling above a. predetermined speed,and said contacts engage one another when the speed lis reduced, such as when the valve 128 is closed. The valves 150 and 154 are connected to the speed control device in any suitable manner so that under caution conditions said valves are only'in closed position to shut off the fiow of air from the pipe 15 into the cylinder 13 and casing 27 when the train is travelling below the maximum caution speed.` Thus,

the valves 150 and 154 have arms 158 con- 108, this closes the valve or device 99 and also turns the `valves Y150 and 154 so that the ports the valve or device 99, but

1e `rod 106 is` moved by 153 and 157 areclosed and communication 1s v had through the branches of the pipe 15 with the cylinder y.13 and casing 27.

' v Operation.

Clear conditions lVith the valve 87 in clear or normal position.l air in the pi pc 15 passes to the atmosphere by way oi' the passages 93 and 92 and port 91. This permits the air to open, and the circuit of the ditions. `The pipes indicated b pass from the cylinder 125, and the valves 150 and l154 connect the cylinder 13 and casing 27 with the ports 153 vand 157, respectively, so that air can escape from said cylinder and casing. vThe spring 14 moves the piston 12 to open the valve 10 so that the engineer can supply air from the main reservoir through the valve 2 into the brake'pipe 3. The springs 22 move the istons 20 so that the valves 16 and 17 open t passa es through the pipes 4 to the triple valves oigthe engine and tender.

e spring 126 moves the piston 124 to close the valve 120, thereby preventing the discharges of air from the brake pipe 3 even though the speed controlled valve 128 is open. The circuits of the solenoids 52, 69 and 86 are broken at the switch 135 which is normally solenoid 108 is preferably controlled by the arm 122 or a separate switch, so as to open said circuit under clear or normal conditions to prevent the solenoid 108 being ener 'zed under such conheavy lines a in the drawing are normally un er brake pipe valve A30. Air `also Hows from the bra above' the piston 32 through pressure which enters the cylinder 130 to open the switch 135 and which also enters the casing 27 to'close the valve 29 and open the eI pipe 3 through the pipes 4 and 44 into the triple valves 5 and auxiliary reservoirs 7 and the air brakes of the locomotive and cars are therefore under the control of the brake valve 2 as usual for appl ing and releasing the brakes manually. The pipes 9 are openl inasmuch as the pistons 37 are raised by the springs 38, the pipe 41 being connected b the passage 46 and ort 47 wit y the atmosp ere. b

ressure fluid a so flows through the branch pipe 53 into the casing 54 above and below the piston 57, and from above said casing into the reservoir 63.

With the apparatus under clear or normal conditions,the locomotive and car brakes are under the control of the brake valve 2 the same as usual. i

Da n the bra e valve 2 is manually operated to open the brake pipe 3 to the atmosphere, or when the valve 87 is moved so that the passage 94 connects the pipe 90 with the port 95, in the danger position of the valve 87, the air can disc arge from the brake pipe 3 for the emerncy or danger application of the brakes to ing' the train to a quick stop. This emergenc application of the brakes is not interere with by the present apparatus, either when obtained by the valve 2 or the valve 87 inasmuch as the air has a direct ath of escape e valve 2 or into the atmosphere through t 87. The air escaping from the casing 27 also r"cause the spring 33 to raise the piston I 32, thereby closing the valve 30 and opening the valve 29, so that the cylinders 21 are opened into the atmos here by way of the the pipe 33 will venting the valves 16 and 17 from c osing the pipes 4. This assures of the air also escaping from the locomotive/triple valves,

1n order that the locomotive brakes will be applied under emergency or danger conditions. The valve device 26 therefore renders the valves 16 and 17 inoperative under danger or emergency conditions, that is, for purpose of closing communication between the brake pipe 3 and triple valve 5 as obtained under caution conditions.

Caution or service brake application lconditions: When the valve 87 is moved to caution or intermediate position, so that the passage 92 establishes y communication between the main reservoir pipe 1 and the pipe 15 thisv will result in the automatic control of the locomotive and car brakes by the present apparatus through a series of successive steps. The air entering the ipe 15 flows into the cylinder 125 and raises t e piston 124 and closes the arm or switch 122 against the contact 145 and opens the valve 120. The air can therefore escape from the brake pipe 3 to4 the atmosphere by way of the pipe 90, valve 120, pipe 119, casing 127, pipe 118 and cylinder 115, the valve 128 being openwhen travelling above the maximum caution speed. The air flowing into the cylinder 115 will move the piston 114, thereby swinging the lever 102 to close the valve or device 99 so as to shut off the power, and when the iston 114 has moved lpast the port of the w istle 117, the air disc arges throu h the whistle to the atmosphere, thereby beeding the air from the rake pi e 3 and also giving an audible alarm. he rod 106 bein moved with the piston 114 will turn the valgves 150 and 154 to close the ports 153 and 157 and to establish communication between the ipe 15 and the cylinder 13 -and casing 27. 'Fhe piston 12 is t erefore raised to close the valve and shut off the main reservoir from the brake valve a v '2, to prevent the engineer from releasing the r or emergency conditions: When b rakes under these conditions, as lon as the rod 106 is in its displaced position. lso, air flowing from the ipe past the valve 30 and through the pipes 28 into the cylinders 21 will movethe istons 20 and valves 16 and 17 to close the pipes 4, thereby shutting off, the triple valves 5 and locomotive brake pi e 44 from the train line brake pipe y3. T e passage or port '23 now establishes communication between the pipes 24 and 25, whereby main reservoir air flows from the pipe 15 into the locomotive/brake pipe 44 by way of the passage 79, pipe 25, passage 23,v pi

24, passage 45, yand pipe 44, so that the main reservoir pressure is sup lied to the triple valves 5 to releaseA the lJocomotive brakes. The triple valvcs5 of the locomotive'being shut off from the brake pipe 3, andthe locomotive brake pipe 44 being su plied with air from the main reservoir, wi result in the that only the brakes of the vcars are applied ofi' the power. Also,

the pipes 1 and 15 then-the valve under initial service conditions. Consequently, the. momentum ot the locomotive will have a tendency to pullthe front cars to keep the cars from bunchin'g too rapidly, andv thereby preventing the train from buckling. The power heilig shut ott' will prevent too great a. strain on the draft coupler between the tender and first car. When the arm 122 is moved to open the valve 120, said arm or switch also closes the circuit ot' the solenoid 108 and generator 109, so that if the vehicle is travelling above a predetern'iined speed the core 107 is attracted into the solenoid 108 to assist the,

against the piston 114 in shutting 'when the speed is reduced to close the valve 128 and thereby check the discharge ol. air from the `brake pipe 3, the core 107 is held in the solenoid 108 until they speed is reduced below that speed 'l'o'r which the nut or collar 113 is adjusted.- Thus, the power is shut oil speed depending upon the adjustment ol' the nut or collar '113, and it the train is travelling below the maximum caution speed when the Valve 87 opens the connection between '128 being,r closed will prevent the air escaping from the brake pipe 3 even though the'valve 120 is opened, so that no brake application is made air pressure either on the locomotive oron the cars. Also,

the switch 135 and contacts V143-144 being open will prevent the corresponding electrical circuits being closed under cautionconditions when travelling below the maximum caution speed.

The second step occurs when the speed has been reduced so that the valve 128 is closed and the contacts 143 and 144 touch one another. A reduction of ,three pounds or more in the brake. pipe 3 will also close the switch 135 .by the movement of the piston 131 by the spring' 132 against the` reduced brake pipe pressure, the screw 133 being adjusted for a lpressure of. sixty'tive pounds or thereabout. The closing` of the switch 135 will energize the solenoid 8G, the circuit includingv the battery 137, conductor 138, contact 136, switch 135` conductor 140. solenoid 80 and conductor 139. The. solenoid 86 is therefore energized and remains energized as long as the pressure in the brake pipe 3 is reduced. The arm or switch 122 engaging the contact 145 and the contacts 143 and 144 touching will also close the circuito-t the solenoids 52 and 09. Such'circuit includes the battery 137, conductor 138` contact 136. switeh135,

conductor 140, contact 145, arm 122, ground.

contacts 144 and 143. conductor 142. sole-y noid 52. conductor '141, switch 75 and contacts 76. solenoid 69 and conductor '130. 'Plus 1 circuit requires the pressure in the brake pipe 3 to be reduced for the closingl of the switch above a predetermiiwd 135, requires the valve 120 to be opened, and

also requires the speed of the trainA lto be,l

brakes o'f the locomotive are releascdatlie next actions occur. 'lhe solenoid 52 being energized will attract the core 51 and shiftI the falve 42 so as to close c unmunication be-.s tween .the pipes 24 and 44, thereby shutting olli the supply of main reservoir pressure through the pipe 15 to the locomotive brake pipe 44. This prevents the' release of Athe. locomotive brakes While the solenoid 52 is energized. Also, the pipe 41 instead ot being connected with the dischargeA port 47, is nowcouneetcd by the passage, or port '18 with the pipe v15, so that .air flows from the pipe 15 into the pipe 41, .forcing the pistons 47 downA to close. the valves 3G, the reservoir 40 being filled with air so as to retard the Inovement of the pistons 37. .The :valves 36 being closed l'will close the pipesl 9 so thatai r from the triple valves 5 cannot escape. through said pipes as-usual. This closes the normal air discharge passages ot the locomotive triple valves, which will prevent the release. ot the locomotive brakes by the discharge 'of air through the pipes 9.

At the same time that the valve 42 is moved by the solenoid 52, the valve 59 is moved by the solenoid G9, thereby discouuewning the port G1 from the pipe 51 and connects.v ing said port 61 with the pipe G5 by way of the passage or port G4. Now,the air above the piston 57 can escape through the port 01 and passage 04 into the pipe G5 and expansion reservoir 66, thereby reducing the pressure of air above the piston 57 whilel the piston 57 is subjected to brake pipe pressure underneath. This difference in pressures will raise the piston 57 and open the `valve 50,- so that air can now escape from the locomotive brake pipe -f-i-t through the pipe 53 and port 55 to the atmosphere. Consequently` after the brakesof the cars are applied. and the speed is reduced bclow a pi'edetermind amount, the locomotive brakes are applied partially. 'Ihe amount of reduction depends on the relative sizes of tlie'reservoirs 63 and 6G and the. pressure of the spring 58. inasmuch as a. predetermined reduction in pressure'in. the locomotive brake pipe 44, will result in the pressures above and below the piston 57 being balanced or equalized so that and lclose the valve l56. This provides for Mill only a partial application' ot the locomotive,

brakes. in order to prevent the cars from bunehing and buckling the train.

The air from the pipe 65 and reservoir V(SG flows linto the casing or' cylinder 78 and ly and closing the valve 56.

moves the valve 77 against the pressure of the spring 82, the movement of said valve being retarded by the dash pot 84 so as to require approximately thirty seconds. The valve 77 being moved will disconnect the pipes 15 and 25, and the passage 81 will now connect the brake y :from the pipe 15 immediately flows throufrh the passage 81 into the brake pipe 3, thereby recharging the main brake pipe or train line to release the brakes on the cars, following a partial application of the locomotive brakes.

he core 85 being moved into the solenoid 86 will result in the valve 77 being held in its abnormal position against the pressure of the spring 82 even though the air vfrom the pipe is discharged to the atmosphere. Such valve 77 is held by the solenoid 86 until the pressure in the brake pipe 3is increased up to or nearly normal, so that the piston 131 is moved against the spring 132 to open the switch 135 and break the circuit of the solenoid 86 so that the spring 82 will return the valve 77.

In the meantime, the reduction of pressure in the locomotive brake pipe 44 about fifteen pounds, will result in the piston 71 being moved against locomotive brake pipe pressure by the spring 72, thereby opening the switch 75 and deenergizin the solenoids 52 and 69. As soon as said ,so enoids are deenergized the valve 42 is returned by the spring 50, thereby connecting the pipe 41 by way of the passage 46 and port 47 with the atmosphere, so that the air above the pistons 37 is discharged and the valves 36 opened bythe springs 38. This will permit the locomotive brakes to be released by the discharge of air through the pipes 9. Also, the'valve 59 is moved by the spring 70 to normal position so that air from the locomotive brake pipe 44 and pipe 53 will flow through the passage 60 and ort 61 above the piston 57, which, assisted by the spring 58, will overcome brake pipe pressure below the piston 57, thereby moving the piston 57 downward Then, with the valves 59 and 42 restored by their springs, and the valve 77 also restored by its spring 82after thel switch 135 has been opened due to the recharging of the brake pipe 3, communication between the pipe 15 and locomotive brake pipe 44 is reestablished by way of the passage 79, pipe 25, passage 23, pipes 24, passage 45 and pipe 44. Therefore, after the brakes of the cars ate released, main reservoir air is supplied to the locomotive brake lipe so as to then release the locomotive bra-lies. The train can then proceed below the maximum caution speed, which, if exceeded, will result in the same application of the brakes as hereinbefore described. When the speed of the train has been reduced by the successive application of the car and locomotive brakes, as

pipe 3 and Ypipe .15. Air.

aforesaid, the valve 128 is closed first, after which a further reduction in speed results in the rod 106 being returned to initial position by the spring 111 which overcomes the magnetic attraction between the bore 107 and solenoid 108. Consequentl the valve or device 99 is opened to supp y the power, and when the rod 106 is returned, the valves 150 and 154 are turned to shut o' the cylinder Y 13 and casing 27 from the pipe 15 and to connect casingwith the ports 153 ly. The spring 14 will therefore move the piston 12 down so as to open the valve 10. and air can escape from the cylinders 21 through the valve154 and port 157, whereby the springs 21 return the pistons 20 and valves 16 and 17. The engineer now has command of the power and the brakes of both the locomotive and cars,

of the train is held down caution speed. However,

air pressure in the said cylinder and and 157, respectiveelow the maximum roviding the speedl if such speed is exceeded the brakes will be applied and the power shut off the same as hereinbefore dev scribed. The reopening of the valve 10 and reopening of the pipes-4, below the predetermined speed, will permit the engineer, by control of the brake valve 2, to release and apply the brakes of the locomotive and cars as usual, and stops can also be made without locking the train against further movement, inasmuch as the bra-kes can be released and the power applied providing the predetermined speed is not exceeded.

Having thus vdescribed the invention, what is claimed as new is .1. In an air brakeA apparatus, almain reservoir pipe,

a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brak e pipe normally connected to the train line brake pipe, means o erable for initiating caution or service bra re application conditions, means operable under such conditions for shutting olf communication between the brake pipes, means operable under such conditions for' opening the train line bra-ke pipe for the discharge of 'air therefrom and operable to shut oi such discharge below a predetermined train speed and means operable under said conditions or establishing communication between the main reservoir and locomotive brake pipes.

2. An air brake apparatus accordi to Vclaim 1 including means operable after the trainA speed has been reduced below said predetermined train speedvto open the locomotive brake from.

3. An air brake apparatus according to claim 1, and including means operable below said predetermined train s eed' to open the locomotive brake pipe for t e discharge of air therefrom untilv a predeterminedY reduction in locomotive brake pipeV pressure is obtained.

4.r An air brake apparatus according to speed.

claim 1 and including means operable below said predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom, and means controlling the ourthnamed means to shut off communication between the main reservoir and locomotive brake pipes below a predetermined train v5. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe normallv connected thereto, means operable f or initiating caution or service brake application conditions,A mea-ns operable under such conditions for shutting 0H communication between the brake pipes, means operable under such conditions for opening' the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air and operbrake pipe for the discharge-of air 'and op.

crable to shut off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operable under such conditions for establishing communication between the main reservoir and locomotive brake pipes, means operablel below a predetermined train speed for opening the locomotive brake pipe for the limited disch arge of air therefrom, and means `operable following the operation of the lifthnamed means for connecting.r themainreservoir and train line brake pipes to recharge the train line brake pipe. v

7. "In an air brake apparatus,a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, means operable under such conditions for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom and operable to shut oi such discharge -below a predetermined train speed, and

`means operable below a predetermined train sneed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the diacharge of air therefrom.

8. In an air brake apparatus, la-t-rain line brake pipe. a locomotive brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, 'means operable under such` conditions for, opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air and operable to shut off such discharge below a peredetermined train low a predetermin train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the limited peed, V,means operable e dischargeof air therefrom, and means operable lfollowing the operation of the thirdnamed means for recharging the train line 'brake pipe. Y

9. In an air brake apparatus, a main reservoir pipe, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe normally connected to the train line brake pipe, means operable forinitiating caution or service brake applicavtion conditions, means operableunder suchl conditions for shutting oifcommunication between the brake pipes, means operable under such conditions for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air and operable to shut off such discharge below a predetermined tra-in speed,'means operable under such conditions for establishing ,comimunication between the main reservoir andi locomotive brake pipes, means operable oelow a predetermined train speed for opening the locomotive brake pipe for the limited discharge of air therefrom, and means operable.

following the operation of the fifthnamed means to disconnect the locomotive brake pipe from the main reservoir pipe and to connect the main reservoir and. train line brake pipes to recharge the train line brake pipe and operable to disconnect the main reservoir and train line brake pipes when the train line brake pipe has been recharged.

10. In an air brake apparatus, a main reservoir pipe, a train line brake pipe,'a locomotive brake pipe normally connected to the train line brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution or service brakeapplication conditions, means operable under such conditions for shutting off communication between the brake pipes, means operable nnder such conditions for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air and operable to shuty off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operabie under such conditions for establishing communication between the main reservoir and locomotive brake pipes, means operable below a predetermined train Speed for opening the locomotive brake pipe 'for the limited discharge of air therefrom, means operable with the fthnamed means for disconnecting the main` reservoir and locomotive brake pipesA while air is discharged from the locomotive brake pipe, and means operable following the operation of the fifth and sixthnmed means for disconnecting the main reservoir and locomotive brake pipes and connecting the main reservoir and train line brake pipes to recharge the train line brake pipe and operable i after the train line brake pipe is recharged to disconnect the main reservoir and trainv line brake pipes and reestablish communication between the main reservoir and locomotive brake pipes, l

11. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution orservice connected thereto, means en locomotive brake pipe recharging the locomotive bra pipe.

brake application conditions, means operable under such conditions for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air and operable to shut olf such discharge below a predtermined train speed, means operable below a predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom, and means operable following the operation of the thirdnamed means for recharging the train line brake ipe and then e pipe.

12. In an air brake apparatus, a brake pi e, a triple valve connected thereto, means or opening the brake pipe for the discharge of air until the pressure has been reduced to a predetermined amount, and means operable with the aforesaid means for closing the discharge passage of said triple valve during the discharge of air from the brake pipe.

. 13. In an air brake ap aratus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive rake pipe normally operable for initiating caution .or service brake application conditions, means operable under such conditions for shutting off communication between the brake pipes, and means operable under an emergency reduction in pressure in the train line brake pi secondname Ameans. I

14. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe normally connected thereto, means operable for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, air operated means operable under such conditions for shutting oil a communication between the brake pipes, and means operated by air pressure `from the train line brake pipe to prevent thel operation of the secondnamedmeans when an emergency reduction 1n.pressure is made'in the train line brake 15. In an air brake apparatusa train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe normally connected thereto, a third pipe, means operable for admitting air into the third pipe un der caution or service brake application conditions, means receiving air from the third pipe for shutting oli' communication between the brake pipes, anda valve device controlled by air pressure in the-train line brake pipe for disconnecting the second named means from the third pipe and connecting the secondnamed means with -the atmosphere when there is an emergency reduction in pressure in the trainline brake pipe.

16. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brakeV pipe, .means operable for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, means operable under such' conditions for o ening the train line brake pipe for the disc arge of air and operable to t .olf such discharge below a redetermined train speed, means operable low a predetermined train speed to open the .for the discharge of e to prevent the operation of the ysuch discharge of air below the brake pipes,

ALea-1,1559

air therefrom, and means operable following the'operation of the third named means for recharging the train line brake pipe and controlled by train line brake ipe pressure for recharging the locomotive rake pipe after the train line brake pipe has been recharged. 17. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, 'a locomotive brake pipe normally connected to the train, line brake pipe, a third pipe, means operable for admitting air under ressure into said third ipe, means operated y air from said thirdj pipe for shutting otl' communication between the brake pipes, means operated by air from said third pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom, s eed controlled means for shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, and means opclaim 17 including means operable after the 1 train s ed has been reduce below said predetermmedtrain speed to open thel locomotive brake pipe for the discharge ofair therefrom.

19. An air brake apparatus according to claim 17 including means operable below said predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brakeipe for the discharge of cir therefrom, and) means controlling the fifthnalned means to shut off communication between the third and locomotive brake pipes below a predetermined train speed. y

20. In an air brake ap aratus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive lirake pipe normally connected thereto, means operable for initiating caution or service brake epplication conditions, a third pipe arrange to receive air under pressure when said means is operated to produce such conditions,means operatedby air from said third pipe forshuttingofcomniunication between the brake pipes, means operated L-y air-from said third pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air, speed controlled means for shutting off a predetermined train speed, and means operable below a pre-V determined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom.'`

V21. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe normally connected to the train li-ne brake pipe, means operablev for initiating caution or service brakeapplicationconditions, a third pipe for receiving air under pressure .under such conditions, means operated by air from said third plpe for shutting oil communicationbetiween said third plpe for vopening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air, s ed control means for shuttingoE/such ischarge below a predetermined train speed, means means operated by air from lll) operated by air from said third pipe for establishing communication between the third and locomotive brake pipes, means operable lbelow a predetermined train speed for opening the locomotive brake pipe for the limited discharge of air therefrom, and means oper- A able fo lowing the operation of the sixthline brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom, speed control means for` shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed,v and means ope `able below7 a predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom. 23. In an-air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, a third pipe arranged to receive air under pressure when said means is operated, means operated by air in said third pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge fof air, speed control means for shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operable below a predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the limited discharge of air therefrom, and meansoperable following the operation of the thirdnamed means for recharging the train line brake pipe from said third pipe.

24. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe normally connected to the train line brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution .br service brake application conditions, a third pipe aranged to receive air underl pressure when said means is operated, means operated by ai r in said third pipe for shutting off communication between the brake pipes, means operated by air in said third pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air, speed control means for shutting off such discharge vbelow a predetermined train speed, means operated by air in said third pipe for'establishing communication between the third and locomotivel brake pipes` means operable below a. predetermined'train speed fOropening the locomotive discharge of air therefrom, and `means operable following the operationof the sixthnamedmeans to disconnect the third and locomotive brake pipes, and connect the third and train line brake pipes to recharge the train line brake pipe and operable to discon- 'nect the third and train linebrake pipes brakey pipe for the limited' when the train line brake pipe has been recharged.

2F. In an air brake apparatus, a main reser- Voir pipe, a ti'ain line brake pipe, a locoinotive brake pipe normally connected to the train line brake pipe, means operable for initiating caution'or service brake application conditions, a fourth pipe receiving air from the main reservoir pipe under such conditions, means operated by air in the fourth pipe for shutting off communication between the brake pipes, means operated by air in the fourth. pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air, speed control means for shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operated by air inthe fourth pipe for establishing communication between the fourth and locomotive brake pipes, means operable below a predetermined train speed for opening the loco-v motive brake pipe for the limited' discharge of air therefrom,` means operable with the sixtliname'd means for disconnecting the fourth and locomotive brake pipes while air is discharged from the locomotive brake. pipe, and means operable following the operation of the sixth and seventhnamed means fo-r disconnecting the fourth and locomotive brake pipes auf connecting the fourth and train line brake pipes .to recharge the trainlline brake pipe and operable after the train line l brake pipe is recharged to disconnect the fourth and'train line brake pipes and reestablish communication between the fourth and locomotive brake pipes. v

26. In an air brake apparatus, a train line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means operable .for initiating caution or Aservice brake application conditions, a third pipe arl 'anged to receive air under pressure when said mea-ns'is operated, means operated by air in said third pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air, speed control means for shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operable below a -predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom, and means operable following the operation of the thirdnainedmeans for recharging the trainline lbrake pipe 'and then recharging the locomotive brake pipe,

27. yIn an air brake apparatus, a train line .brake ipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means operab-e for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, a third pipe arranged to receive air under pressure when said meansis operated, means operated by air in said third pipe for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air, speed control means for shutting off such discharge below a ypredetermined train speed,-means operable below a predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom, and'means operable following the operation of the fourthnamed means for recharging the train line brake pipe and controlled by train line brake pressure for recharging the locomotive brake pipe after the train line brake pipe has been recharged.

28. In an air brakeapparatus, train line and locomotive brake pipes, means for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, and mechanism operable under such conditions .for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of air therefrom above a predetermined train speed and for opening the locomotive brake pipe for the dischar'e of air therefrom below a predetermined train speed.

29. In an air brake apparatus, train line and locomotive brake pipes, means for establishing caution or service brake ap lication conditions, and mechanism operab e under such conditions for opening the train line and locomotive brake. pipes for the discliar of air therefrom above and below p-re etermined train speeds, respectively, and for shuttiner off the discharge from the locomotive brallre pipe when a predetermined reduction has beenmade.V

30. `In an air brake apparatus, train line and locomotive brake pipes, means for initiating caution or service brake a plication conditions, and mechanism operable under such conditions for opening the train line and locomotive brake pipes for the discharge of air therefrom above and below predetermined train speeds, respectively, and operable following the reduction in locomotive brake pipe pressure for recharging Vthe train linev and locomotive brake pipes in succession.

31. In an air brake apparatus, a brake pipe, a triple valve connected thereto, means o era-ble for initiating caution or service brae application conditions, a pipe supplied with air under pressure under such conditions and connected to said brake pipe, means for opening the brake pipe for the limited discharge of air therefrom. and means operable with the second named means for closing the discharge passage of the triple valve and shuttin off communication between said pipes during the discharge of air from the brake PIPe' 32. In an 'air brake apparatus, a brake pipe, a triple valve connected thereto, means for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, a pipe arranged to receive air under pressure under such conditions and communicating with said brake pipe, means operable for opening the brake pipe for the discharge of lair until the pressure has been reduced to a p-redetermined amount, air pressure operated means for closing the discharge passage of the triple valve and operated by air from the secondnamed pipe, and means means is operable to discharge air from. the

brake pipe.

B3. In an air brake apparatus, a brake pipe,

. a normally closed valve controlling the discharge outlet of said brake pipe, means normally connected to the brake pipe and subjecfed to brake pipe air pressure at opposite sides, said means controlling said valve to hold it normally closed and being in communication at one side with said discharge outlet when the valve is open, a reservoir communicating with the opposite side of said means, an expansion reservoir,a valve movable to a osition to shut oli' communication between the secondnamed side of said means and the bralre pipe and to establish communication between said reservoirs and the secondnamed side of said means, and means controlling the lastnamed valve to move it to said position and to restore it when the pressure at the firstnamed side of the firstnamed mea-ns is reduced to a predetermined amount.

34. In an air brake apparatus, a brake pipe, a normally closed valve controlling the dischargeoutlet of saidbrake pipe, means normally connected tothe brake pipe and subjected to brake pipe air pressure at opposite sides, said means controlling said valve to hold it normally closed and being in communication at one side with said discharge outlet when the valve 1s open, a'reservoir communicating with the opposite side of said means, anexpansion reservoir, a valve movable to a position to shut olf communication between the secondnamed side of said means and the brake `pipe and to establish communication between said reservoir and the secondnamed side of said means, electric means included in an electric circuit for moving the lastnamed valve to said position when the circuit is closed, and means controlled by air pressure at the firstnamed side of the firstnamed means to open said circuit for the return of the lastnamed valve when the pres- Sureat the firstnamed side of said firstnamcd means is reduced to a predetern'iincd amount.

'35. In an air brake apparatus, a tra-in line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means for establishing caution or service brake application conditions, a third pipe supplied with air under pressure and communicating with the locomotive brake pi e under said conditions, means operable un er said conditions for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge of airr and for shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operable vbelow a predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air and for.

closing communication between the third and los Losanna locomotive brake pipes .until a predetermined reduction in locomotive brake pipe air pressure is obtained, said thirdnamed means including a reservoir normally communicating with the locomotive brake pipe and an expansion resrvoir arranged toreceive air from the irstnamed reservoir when the thiidnamed "means is operable, and means operated by air from said expansion reservoir for shutting ofconnnunication between the third and locomotive brake pipes and establishing communication between the third and train-line brake pipes to recharge the train line brake pipe.

36. An air brake apparatus according to claim 35, and including means controlled by air pressure in the train line brake pipe and operable for holding the fourthnamed means pipes.

when operated and releasing same for return movement, when the train line brake pipe has been recharged, to reestablish communication between the third and locomotive brake 37. In an air brake apparatus, a t-rain line brake pipe, a locomotive brake pipe, means for establishing caution or service brake application conditions, a third pipe supplied with air under pressure and communicatinoc with the locomotive brake pipe under sai conditions, means operable under said conditions for opening the train line brake pipe for the discharge-'ot' air and for shutting 0E such discharge below a predetermined train speed, means operable below a predetermined train speed to open the locomotive brake pipe for the discharge of air and for closing communication between the third and locomotive brake pipes until a predetermined reduction in locomotive brake pipe air pressure is obtained, said thirdnamed means including a reservoir normally communicating I with the locomotive brake pipe and an expansion reservoir arranged to receive air `from the irstnamed reservoir when the thirdnamedl means is operable, means operated by air from said expansion reservoir for shutting off communication between tlie'third and locomotive brake pipes and establishing communication between the third and train line brake pipes to rechar e the trainline brake pipe and also opera le thereafter to dis'- charge the air from the expansion reservoir,

and means controlled by air pressure in the train line brake pipe for holding the fourthnained means in operated position as long as the train line brake pipe air pressure 1s below a predetermined amount.

38. In an automatic train control appa- A ratus, Aa brake pipe, means for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, means operable under said conditions `for opening n air, speed vcontrol means for shutting off such discharge below a predetermined train speed, power interrupting means for shut.-

the brake pipe for the discharge of.

tin off thevpropulsion power of the train, l

an means for operating the power interruptingmeans by the aforesaid discharge of air. l f

39. In an automatic train controlapparatus, a brake pipe, means for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, means operable under said conditions for opening the brake pipe for the discharge of.

air, speed control'means for shutting oi' such discharge below a predetermined train speed, power interrupting means for shutting ofi' the propulsion power of the train, and means operable under said conditions and controlled air, speed control means for shutting oil'- such discharge below a predetermined train speed, power interrupting means for shutting ofi' the propulsion power ofthe train,

means for operating the power interrupting means by the aforesaid discharge of air, and other means operable under said conditions and controlled by train speed to also opeiate the power interrupting means above a predetermined train speed. v

41. In an automatic train control apparatus, a brake pipe, speed control means,'control ling means for said brake pipe movable to clear, caution and dangerpositions and adapted to onen the brake pipe to atmosphere through the speedcontrol means when in caution position and to open the brake pipe direct tothe atmosphere when in danger position, power interrupting means for shut'- ting ofl' the propulsion power of t-he train, means for operating the power interrupting means when the secondnamed means is in caution position,'and an operative connection loo llO

between said controlling and power interrupting means for operating the power interi'upting means when the controlling means ismoved to danger osition. i

42. In an airbr, e apparatus, vtrain line and locomotive brake pipes, means for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, and mechanism operable under such conditions for opening the train line and locomotive brake pipes in succession and then recharging them in succession.

43. In an air brake apparatus, train line and locomotive brake pipes, means for initiating caution or service brake application conditions, and mechanism operable under such conditions for opening the train line and. v

locomotive brake pipes in succession.

44.V In an air brake apparatus, tiain line and locomotive brake pipes, means for mitiating caution or vservice brake application conditions, and mechanism operable 'under locomotive brake pipes in succession de end- 10 such conditions for opening the train line ent on the speed of the train and for rec largand locomotive brake pipes in succession dein the. train line and locomotive brake pipes pendent on the speed of the train. foowng reduction in locomotive brake plpe 45. In an air brake apparatus, train line pressure.

and locomotive brake pipes, means for initi- In testimony whereof I hereunto afx my l5 sting caution or service brake application signature.

conditions, and mechanism voperable under such conditions for opening the train line and DANIEL HERBERT SCHWEYER. 

